Can a castor oil biorefinery produce biodiesel and biochemicals simultaneously?
Goal and outline The goal of this paper is conceptual design, simulation and economic analysis of a castor oil biorefinery for producing simultaneously biodiesel and bio-chemicals. Four distinct processes are studied, from which two regard castor oil transesterification, followed by fatty ester pyrolysis and undecylenic acid amination.
Does castor oil need a refining?
However, physical refining is not recommended in the case of castor oil, due to its sensitivity to heat as it normally starts disintegrating above 150°C, which can result in the hydrolysis of the hydroxyl groups.
What is Castor processing flow diagram?
Castor processing flow diagram. The first step in the castor oil refining process, called degumming, is used to reduce the phosphatides and the metal content of the crude oil.
Which country produces the most castor oil?
India is known as the world leader in castor seed and oil production and leads the international castor oil trade. Castor oil production in this country usually fluctuates between 250,000 and 350,000 tons per year. Approximately 86% of castor seed production in India is concentrated in Gujarat, followed by Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan.